Browsing by Author "Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi"
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Item Determinants of adoption of multiple sustainable agricultural practices among smallholder farmers in Nigeria(Elsevier, 2020-11-03) Oyetunde-Usman, Zainab; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Ogunpaimo, Oyinlola RafiatDespite the important roles of Sustainable Agricultural Practices (SAPs) in improving productivity, welfare, and food security of farming households, the adoption rates of SAPs have been perceived to be generally low, especially in developing countries. Using cross-sectional data collected from the 2015 Nigeria General Household Survey, this study examines the factors influencing the adoption of multiple SAPs, while also considering the drivers of the intensity of adoption of these practices. The methods of data analysis are based on the Multivariate probit and the Ordered probit models. The SAPs considered include improved seeds, inorganic fertilizer, mixed-cropping techniques, and organic manure. The empirical results show that farmers’ adoption of different SAPs and their intensity of use depend significantly on factors such as the age of household head, gender, education, household size, access to extension services, and household wealth status. Our findings imply that policymakers and agricultural development agencies should seek to maintain or increase household asset bases, and encourage both formal and informal training programme among farming households to facilitate the adoption of SAPs.Item Determinants of Household Income and Willingness to Pay for Indigenous Plants in North West Province, South Africa: A Two-Stage Heckman Approach(MDPI, 2021-05-13) Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Ndhlovu, Peter Tshepiso; Tshwene, Seleke Christopher; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Aremu, Adeyemi Oladapo; EconomicsUsing a cross-sectional dataset, this study examines the factors influencing the income and willingness to pay for indigenous plants by rural households in the North West Province of South Africa. The method of data analysis was based on a two-stage Heckman model. Based on empirical data, the majority (93%) of the households are willing to pay for the indigenous plants. Furthermore, factors such as the age of the household’s head, marital status, size of households, financial returns and economic benefit of indigenous plants significantly influenced income and willingness to pay for indigenous plants by the households. Thus, indigenous plants have the potential to penetrate local and international markets and can be used to improve the economies, livelihood, and food security status of rural households in South Africa. Indigenous plant cultivation can increase agro-food system species diversity while conserving plant species indigenous to this area of South Africa. Encouraging both consumption and production of indigenous plants can also help diversify local economies and communities.Item Does agricultural cooperative membership impact technical efficiency of maize production in Nigeria: An analysis correcting for biases from observed and unobserved attributes(Public Library of Science, 2021-01-22) Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Oyetunde-Usman, Zainab; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Awotide, Bola AmokeThe formation of agricultural cooperatives has been widely promoted as an agricultural development policy initiative to help smallholder farmers cope with multiple production and marketing challenges. Using a nationally representative survey dataset of smallholder maize producers from rural Nigeria, this study assesses the impact of agricultural cooperative membership on technical efficiency (TE). We based our estimation approach on the combination of a newly developed sample selection stochastic production frontier model with propensity score matching to control for possible selectivity biases from both observables and unobservables. We estimate stochastic meta-frontiers to examine TE differences between cooperative members and non-members. Our results reveal that TE levels of members are consistently higher than that of non-members. This calls for continued policy incentives targeted at encouraging farmers to form as well as participate in agricultural cooperatives.Item Does economic shocks influence household's healthcare expenditure? Evidence from rural Nigeria(Elsevier, 2021-05-03) Rufai, Adedoyin Mistura; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Abioye, Oyewale Daniel; Birindwa, Ahadi Bwihangane; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; EconomicsHealth is profoundly influenced by several factors outside the traditional realm of healthcare. This paper employed a two-step Heckman selectivity model to examine factors influencing the decision to spend on health and the effects of economic shocks on health expenditure. The results from the first stage shows that the likelihood of spending on health increased with age, education, income, and decreases if the household is living in the northern region of Nigeria and uses mosquito bed-net. The findings from the second stage estimation show that a fall in the price of food items, an increase in the price of inputs for household enterprises and loss of job are the significant shocks that affect household health expenditure. Based on these findings, this study concluded that fall in the prices of major food items consumed within the household increased income available for health care among the farmers. Going forward, the study recommends the provision of holistic health-economic-welfare interventions for the marginalized rural populace in Nigeria.Item Dynamic Relationships among Phosphate Rock, Fertilisers and Agricultural Commodity Markets: Evidence from a Vector Error Correction Model and Directed Acyclic Graphs(Elsevier, 2021-08-24) Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Feng, Siyi; Patton, MylesThe finite supply of phosphate rock, as well as rising fertiliser prices, are key topics in the discussion around global food system resilience. Our paper contributes to this discussion by conducting an analysis of the dynamic causal relationships between phosphate rock, fertilisers, and wheat prices to provide insights on how farmers and policymakers might respond to phosphate rock supply shocks for sustainable and resilient food systems. The linkages between 147 monthly price observations spanning from March 2007 to April 2019 were analysed by combining Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG), a recently developed modelling technique, and a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The findings suggest that there are five long-run cointegrating relationships between these three key components of the food supply chain. Price shocks to the phosphate rock market, over a two-year period had a knock-on positive impact on phosphorus fertiliser prices and to a lesser extent on wheat prices. Interestingly, an increase in wheat price had a sizeable impact on both fertiliser and phosphate rock prices, providing empirical evidence that increases in the price of phosphate rock are driven by demand factors, as well as supply factors.Item Estimation and Determinants of Multidimensional Energy Poverty among Households in Nigeria(MDPI, 2020-09-07) Ashagidigbi, Waheed Mobolaji; Babatunde. Bashirat Adenike; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; EconomicsThe sustainable use of clean and safe sources of energy is indeed a global challenge. Traditional and unsafe forms of energy use is predominant among households in sub-Saharan Africa. This is not only a threat to the environment, but also constitutes health risk to the population. In the Nigeria context, this study provides the first attempt to estimate household energy poverty status and also investigate the driving factors of household energy poverty status using the National Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) dataset. The analytical techniques adopted in this study are based on Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index (MEPI) and Tobit regression model. Our results show that national average MEPI was 0.38, suggesting that majority of the households are energy poor. Energy poverty is however found to be higher in rural areas than in urban areas. We also found that male-headed households, age, rural sector and northeast residents are found to be the energy poverty enhancing factors, while household income and credit access are energy poverty inhibiting factors. The study concludes that income smoothening among other energy poverty reduction interventions should be prioritized, especially among rural households in order to help them exit energy poverty trap.Item Socio-economic Drivers of Food Security among Rural Households: Evidence from Smallholder Maize Farmers(Springer, 2020-01-20) Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Omotoso, Samuel Opeyemi; Salman, Kabir Kayode; Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Aremu, Adeyemi OladapoIssues relating to food availability, accessibility/afordability, and food utilization remain paramount among diferent stakeholders such as policymakers and academics. Using data from 250 maize farming households in Nigeria, the study used Foster–Greer–Thorbecke and probit regression model to investigate the factors determining households food security. The food insecurity measure shows that 23.2% points of the households express the incidence of food insecurity while 5.5% points and 1.8% points were found to have depth and severity of food insecurity, respectively. After controlling for households’ socio-economic and demographic characteristics, the probit regression model suggested that, among others, value of output sold, education, credit access and participation in government safety nets program signifcantly infuenced food security among the maize farmers in the study area. Based on our fndings, efort should be intensifed to enhance the productivity of land through improved production practices. There should be high-level awareness that will increase farmers’ participation in safety net programs. Thus, government at all levels (local, state, and federal) should have adequate budget allocation to this course in order to improve the livelihood outcomes of the farming households.Item Unpacking Total Factor Productivity on Dairy Farms using Empirical Evidence(MDPI, 2022-02-04) Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Sherry, Erin; Samuel, Aurelia; Caskie, PaulThis study examines the farm-level factors that influence differences in total factor productivity (TFP) on dairy farms. To this end, a fixed-effects regression approach is applied to panel data for dairy farms obtained from the Farm Accountancy Data Network for Northern Ireland over the period of 2005 to 2016. The findings are largely consistent with existing empirical evidence, showing that herd size, milk yield, stocking density, and share of hired labour have a positive and statistically significant impact on TFP, while labour input per cow, purchased feed input per cow, and share of direct payments in total farm output have a negative and statistically significant impact. The more complex relationships, namely age, education, and investment, have been unpacked using interaction terms and nonlinear approximation. The impact of age is negative, and the drag on productivity grows as age increases. Capital investment and education both have a positive impact on farm-level TFP, as well as on their interaction. Policy recommendations on strategies and best practices to help dairy farms tackle productivity constraints are suggestedItem Welfare Impact of Globalization in Developing Countries: Examining the Mediating Role of Human Capital(MDPI, 2019-08-21) Olagunju, Kehinde Oluseyi; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Oguntegbe, Kunle Francis; Raji, Ibrahim Oluwole; Ogundari, Kolawoleespite remarkable progress in the fight against poverty during the past few decades, the proportion of the poor living in developing countries is still on the high side. Many countries have promoted integration as an important development strategy; however, its impact on welfare of the poor is still unclear. In this study, we examine the roles of education and health dimensions of human capital in globalization and its impact on the poverty gap and the child mortality rate using cross-country panel data covering 110 developing countries between 1970 and 2015. We use a model based on system generalized method of moments (SGMM) to control for unobserved heterogeneity and potential endogeneity of the explanatory variables. The empirical results reveal that globalization reduces poverty gap and child mortality rate, and that an increase in the stock of human capital in developing economies improves welfare outcomes. The study also finds that human capital strengthens the negative impact of globalization on poverty gap and child mortality rate. For example, should enrollment in secondary school in Nigeria (in 2013) be increased from 39.2% to 61.6%, on average, it could translate into 2508 fewer under-five child deaths. We recommend that interconnectedness and promotion of human capital development should constitute a fundamental component of policy mix targeted at enhancing reduction of poverty and child mortality rate in developing countries.Item What Drives Households’ Payment forWaste Disposal and Recycling Behaviours? Empirical Evidence from South Africa’s General Household Survey(MDPI, 2020-10-01) Omotayo, Abiodun Olusola; Omotoso, Abeeb Babatunde; Daud, Adebola Saidat; Ogunniyi, Adebayo Isaiah; Olagunju, Kehinde OluseyiSafeguarding the environment and its citizens’ health remains one of the key policy priorities of the governments of many developing and emerging countries. Using the 2017 General Household Survey (GHS) dataset, this study examines the driving factors a ecting households’ recycling behaviour and payment for waste disposal in South Africa. The methods of data analysis were based on descriptive statistics and a Bivariate Probit regression model. The descriptive statistics results indicate that there are 56.29% male-headed and 43.71% female headed households, with an average age of 49 years. In addition, the study shows that 89.97% of household heads had formal education with a mean monthly income of 11,099.07 ZAR/650.504 USD. The study also revealed that 22% of the households sampled had access to social grants. The results from the Bivariate Probit regression model show that household’s income, access to social grants, formal educational attainment and the age of the household were significant (p < 0.01) driving factors a ecting households’ recycling behaviour and payment for waste disposal. The study concludes that the households’ socio-economic factors a ect their recycling behaviour and willingness to pay for waste management in South Africa. Actions targeted at poverty alleviation and environmental sensitization programmes are key for facilitating environmental conservation behaviours of households in South Africa in order to achieve the environmental sustainability Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target of the United Nations.