Effect of space allowance and mixing on growth performance and body lesions of grower-finisher pigs in pens with a single wet-dry feeder
Date
2021-01-06
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Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media
Abstract
Background: Low space allowance (SA) and mixing may result in reduced growth performance (GP) and animal
welfare issues because of adverse social behaviours directed to pen mates. This could be exacerbated in pens with
single space feeders owing to social facilitation of feeding behaviour. The present study aimed to investigate the
effect of SA and mixing on GP and body lesions (BL) in pens with one single space wet-dry feeder.
Results: Two experiments were conducted on grower-finisher pigs from 10 to 21 weeks of age. In Exp1, pigs (N =
216) were assigned to three SA; 0.96m2/pig (n = 6 pens; 10 pigs/pen; SA96), 0.84m2/pig (n = 6; 12 pigs/pen; SA84)
and 0.72m2/pig (n = 6; 14 pigs/pen; SA72), in a randomized design. In Exp2, pigs (N = 230) were used in a 2 × 2
factorial randomized design considering SA and mixing as treatments. Pigs were assigned to two SA; 0.96m2/pig
(n = 10 pens; 10 pigs/pen; SA96) and 0.78 m2/pig (n = 10; 13 pigs/pen; SA78) and were either mixed or not at the
entry to the finishing facility. GP was not affected by SA (P > 0.05) in either experiment. In Exp2, non-mixed pigs
were 5.4 kg heavier (P < 0.001), gained 74 g more per day (P = 0.004), consumed 101.8 g more of feed per day (P =
0.007) and tended to have higher feed efficiency (P = 0.079) than mixed pigs from 11 to 21 weeks of age. Number
of BL was affected by SA in both experiments. In Exp1, SA72 pigs had 74.4 and 97.4% more BL than SA96 and SA84
pigs at 20 weeks of age respectively (P < 0.01). In Exp2, SA78 pigs had 48.6, 43.6 and 101.3% more BL than SA96
pigs at 12, 16 and 21 weeks of age respectively (P < 0.05). Mixing did not affect the number of BL from 12 to 21
weeks of age in Exp2 (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Mixing had a considerable effect on growth performance thus, strategies to avoid or mitigate mixing
should be considered. Although space allowance had no effect on growth performance, high number of body
lesions in the lower space allowance indicates that space allowances equal or below 0.78 m2/pig are detrimental to
the welfare of pigs despite following the EU legislation.
Description
Publicationhistory: Accepted - 17 December 2020; Published online - 6 January 2021.
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Article
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Keywords
Animal welfare, Group size, Pig, Regrouping, Stocking density
Citation
Camp Montoro, J., Boyle, L. A., Solà-Oriol, D., Muns, R., Gasa, J. and Garcia Manzanilla, E. (2021) ‘Effect of space allowance and mixing on growth performance and body lesions of grower-finisher pigs in pens with a single wet-dry feeder’, Porcine Health Management. Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 7(1). doi: 10.1186/s40813-020-00187-7.