The in vitro and ex vivo effect of Auranta 3001 in preventing Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum infection
Date
2017-08-31
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Publisher
BMC
Abstract
Background: Cryptosporidium is a major cause of diarrhea worldwide in both humans and farm animals with no
completely effective treatment available at present. In this study, we assessed the inhibitory effect of different concentrations
of Auranta 3001 (0.1, 0.5 and 1%), a novel natural feed supplement, on C. hominis and C. parvum invasion of
human ileocecal adenocarcinoma (HCT-8), bovine primary cells and C. parvum invasion of HCT-8, bovine primary cells
and bovine intestinal biopsies. The effect of the feed supplement on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines
IL-8 and INF-γ, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, the expression of CpSUB1 protease gene during infection was
also assessed by quantitative PCR (q-PCR). Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was employed to measure the
integrity of tight junction dynamics of the culture models.
Results: Pre-treatment of intestinal cells or oocysts with the Auranta 3001 significantly reduced the invasiveness of C.
hominis and C. parvum against HCT-8 and bovine primary cells in a dose dependent manner. The most pronounced
reduction in the invasiveness of both parasites was observed when Auranta 3001 was present during infection. Levels
of IL-8 were significantly reduced in both HCT-8 and bovine primary cells, while the levels of INF-γ and IL-10 showed
opposite trends in the two cell lines during infection in the presence of Auranta 3001. CpSUB1 gene protease expression,
which mediates infection, was significantly reduced suggesting that this enzyme is a possible target of Auranta
3001.
Conclusions: Although, C. hominis and C. parvum use different invasion mechanisms to infect cells, the novel feed
additive can significantly attenuate the entry of Cryptosporidium in HCT-8 cells, primary bovine cells and bovine intestinal
biopsies and thus provide an alternative method to control cryptosporidiosis.
Description
Publication history: Accepted - 27 July 2017; Published online - 31 August 2017.
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Article
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Keywords
Cryptosporidium hominis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Infection, Natural antimicrobials
Citation
Ch Stratakos, A., Sima, F., Ward, P., Linton, M., Kelly, C., Pinkerton, L., Stef, L., Pet, I., Iancu, T., Pircalabioru, G. and Corcionivoschi, N. (2017) ‘The in vitro and ex vivo effect of Auranta 3001 in preventing Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum infection’, Gut Pathogens, 9(1). doi: 10.1186/s13099-017-0192-y.