Interactive effects of straw management, tillage, and a cover crop on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching from a sandy loam soil

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dc.contributor.authorTaghizadeh-Toosi, Arezoo
dc.contributor.authorHansen, Elly M.
dc.contributor.authorOlesen, Jørgen E.
dc.contributor.authorBaral, Khagendra
dc.contributor.authorPetersen, Søren O.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-21T11:27:30Z
dc.date.available2022-03-21T11:27:30Z
dc.date.issued2022-03-05
dc.descriptionPublication history: Accepted - 1 March 2022; Published online - 5 March 2022.en_US
dc.description.abstractMinimum tillage, residue recycling and the use of cover crops are key elements of conservation agriculture that play important roles in soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. This study determined the long-term effects of tillage practice (conventional ploughing vs. direct seeding), straw management (retained vs. removed), and the presence of a cover crop (CC; fodder radish in this study) on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, nitrate (NO3−) leaching, and soil mineral N dynamics between October 2019 and June 2020. In the factorial experiment with eight treatment combinations, cumulative N2O emissions ranged from 0.04 to 0.8 kg N ha−1, whereas NO3− leaching varied between 4 and 28 kg N ha−1. The study did not find effects of straw retention on NO3− leaching or N2O emissions. No-till reduced N2O emissions by on average 46% compared to ploughing. Fodder radish reduced NO3− leaching by 80–84%, and there was little N2O emission in the presence of the cover crop; however, after termination in spring there was a flush of N2O, cumulative N2O-N averaged 0.1 and 0.5 kg N ha−1 without and with a cover crop. With information about long-term soil C retention from straw and fodder radish, an overall greenhouse (GHG) balance was calculated for each system. Without straw retention after harvest, there was always a positive net GHG emission, and the indirect N2O emission from NO3− leaching was similar to, or greater than direct N2O emissions. However, in the presence of fodder radish, the direct N2O emissions after termination were much more important than indirect emissions, and negated the C input from fodder radish. Direct seeding, straw retention and the use of a cover crop showed positive effects on N retention and/or GHG balance and could substantially improve the carbon footprint of agroecosystems on sandy soil in a wet temperate climate.en_US
dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12518/419
dc.identifier.citationTaghizadeh-Toosi, A., Hansen, E.M., Olesen, J.E., Baral, K.R. and Petersen, S.O. (2022) ‘Interactive effects of straw management, tillage, and a cover crop on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching from a sandy loam soil’, Science of The Total Environment. Elsevier BV. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154316.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.issn1879-1026 (electronic)
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154316
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsCopyright 2022 Elsevier. This manuscript is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits distribution and reproduction for non-commercial purposes, provided the author and source are cited.en_US
dc.subjectConservation agricultureen_US
dc.subjectNitrous oxide emissionsen_US
dc.subjectNitrate leachingen_US
dc.subjectStraw retentionen_US
dc.subjectCover cropsen_US
dc.titleInteractive effects of straw management, tillage, and a cover crop on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching from a sandy loam soilen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dcterms.dateAccepted2022-03-01
dcterms.dateSubmitted2021-11-02

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