Emergence of Salmonid Alphavirus Genotype 2 in Norway—Molecular Characterization of Viral Strains Circulating in Norway and Scotland

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dc.contributor.authorHjortaas, Monika J.
dc.contributor.authorFringuelli, Elena
dc.contributor.authorMonjane, Aderito L.
dc.contributor.authorMikalsen, Aase B.
dc.contributor.authorJonassen, Christine M.
dc.contributor.authorSavage, Paul D.
dc.date.accessioned2021-10-06T09:53:47Z
dc.date.available2021-10-06T09:53:47Z
dc.date.issued2021-08-06
dc.descriptionPublication history: Accepted - 29 July 2021; Published online - 6 August 2021.en_US
dc.description.abstractPancreas disease (PD) and sleeping disease (SD), caused by an alphavirus, are endemic in European salmonid aquaculture, causing significant mortality, reduced growth and poor flesh quality. In 2010, a new variant of salmonid alphavirus emerged in Norway, marine salmonid alphavirus genotype 2 (SAV2). As this genotype is highly prevalent in Scotland, transmission through well boat traffic was hypothesized as one possible source of infection. In this study, we performed full-length genome sequencing of SAV2 sampled between 2006 and 2012 in Norway and Scotland, and present the first comprehensive full-length characterization of Norwegian marine SAV2 strains. We analyze their relationship with selected Scottish SAV2 strains and explore the genetic diversity of SAV. Our results show that all Norwegian marine SAV2 share a recent last common ancestor with marine SAV2 circulating in Scotland and a higher level of genomic diversity among the Scottish marine SAV2 strains compared to strains from Norway. These findings support the hypothesis of a single introduction of SAV2 to Norway sometime from 2006–2010, followed by horizontal spread along the coast.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by Norwegian Seafood Research Fund (FHF) grant 900799en_US
dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12518/358
dc.identifier.citationHjortaas, M.J., Fringuelli, E., Monjane, A.L., Mikalsen, A.B., Jonassen, C.M., Savage, P. and Sindre, H. (2021) ‘Emergence of Salmonid Alphavirus Genotype 2 in Norway—Molecular Characterization of Viral Strains Circulating in Norway and Scotland’, Viruses. MDPI AG. doi:10.3390/v13081556.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1999-4915
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/v13081556
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherMDPIen_US
dc.rightsCopyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).en_US
dc.subjectsalmonid alphavirusen_US
dc.subjectgenotypesen_US
dc.subjectSAV2en_US
dc.subjectaquacultureen_US
dc.subjectNorwayen_US
dc.subjectScotlanden_US
dc.subjectphylogeographyen_US
dc.subjectmolecular epidemiologyen_US
dc.subjectpancreas diseaseen_US
dc.titleEmergence of Salmonid Alphavirus Genotype 2 in Norway—Molecular Characterization of Viral Strains Circulating in Norway and Scotlanden_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dcterms.dateAccepted2021-07-29
dcterms.dateSubmitted2021-06-21

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