Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake

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dc.contributor.authorMcCormack, Ursula M.
dc.contributor.authorCurião, Tânia
dc.contributor.authorMetzler-Zebeli, Barbara U.
dc.contributor.authorMagowan, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorBerry, Donagh P.
dc.contributor.authorReyer, Henry
dc.contributor.authorPrieto, Maria L.
dc.contributor.authorBuzoianu, Stefan G.
dc.contributor.authorHarrison, Michael
dc.contributor.authorRebeiz, Natalie
dc.contributor.authorCrispie, Fiona
dc.contributor.authorCotter, Paul D.
dc.contributor.authorO’Sullivan, Orla
dc.contributor.authorGardiner, Gillian E.
dc.contributor.authorLawlor, Peadar G.
dc.date.accessioned2020-04-30T14:29:14Z
dc.date.available2020-04-30T14:29:14Z
dc.date.issued2019-06-18
dc.descriptionPublication history: Accepted - 21 May 2019; Published online - 18 June 2019en_US
dc.description.abstractOptimal feed efficiency (FE) in pigs is important for economic and environmental reasons. Previous research identified FE-associated bacterial taxa within the intestinal microbiota of growing pigs. This study investigated whether FE-associated bacteria and selected FE-associated physiological traits were consistent across geographic locations (Republic of Ireland [ROI) [two batches of pigs, ROI1 and ROI2], Northern Ireland [NI], and Austria [AT]), where differences in genetic, dietary, and management factors were minimized. Pigs (n = 369) were ranked, within litter, on divergence in residual feed intake (RFI), and 100 extremes were selected (50 with high RFI and 50 with low RFI) across geographic locations for intestinal microbiota analysis using 165 rRNA amplicon sequencing and examination of FE-associated physiological parameters. Microbial diversity varied by geographic location and intestinal sampling site but not by RFI rank, except in ROI2, where more-feed-efficient pigs had greater ileal and cecal diversity. Although none of the 188 RFI-associated taxonomic differences found were common to all locations/batches, Lentisphaerae, Ruminococcaceae, RF16, Mucispirillum, Methanobrevibacter, and two uncultured genera were more abundant within the fecal or cecal microbiota of low-RFI pigs in two geographic locations and/or in both ROI batches. These are major contributors to carbohydrate metabolism, which was reflected in functional predictions. Fecal volatile fatty acids and salivary cortisol were the only physiological parameters that differed between RFI ranks. Despite controlling genetics, diet specification, dietary phases, and management practices in each rearing environment, the rearing environment, encompassing maternal influence, herd health status, as well as other factors, appears to impact intestinal microbiota more than FE. IMPORTANCE Interest in the role of intestinal microbiota in determining FE in pigs has increased in recent years. However, it is not known if the same FE-associated bacteria are found across different rearing environments. In this study, geographic location and intestinal sampling site had a greater influence on the pig gut microbiome than FE. This presents challenges when aiming to identify consistent reliable microbial biomarkers for FE. Nonetheless, seven FE-associated microbial taxa were common across two geographic locations and/or two batches within one location, and these indicated a potentially "healthier' and metabolically more capable microbiota in more-feed-efficient pigs. These taxa could potentially be employed as biomarkers for FE, although bacterial consortia, rather than individual taxa, may be more likely to predict FE. They may also merit consideration for use as probiotics or could be targeted by dietary means as a strategy for improving FE in pigs in the future.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research leading to these results received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (ECO-FCE project number 311794) for research, technological development, and demonstration independently of any commercial input, financial or otherwise. U.M.M. was funded by the Teagasc Walsh Fellowship program. Gwynneth Halley, who assisted with laboratory work, was funded by a Society for Applied Microbiology Students into Work grant.en_US
dc.identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12518/129
dc.identifier.citationMcCormack, U. M., Curião, T., Metzler-Zebeli, B. U., Magowan, E., Berry, D. P., Reyer, H., Prieto, M. L., Buzoianu, S. G., Harrison, M., Rebeiz, N., Crispie, F., Cotter, P. D., O’Sullivan, O., Gardiner, G. E. and Lawlor, P. G. (2019) ‘Porcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intake’, mSystems. Edited by J. K. Jansson. American Society for Microbiology, 4(4). doi: 10.1128/msystems.00324-18.en_US
dc.identifier.other2379-5077
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00324-18
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Society for Microbiologyen_US
dc.rights© 2019 McCormack et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.en_US
dc.subjectfeed efficiencyen_US
dc.subjectgeographic locationen_US
dc.subjectintestinal microbiotaen_US
dc.subjectpigsen_US
dc.titlePorcine Feed Efficiency-Associated Intestinal Microbiota and Physiological Traits: Finding Consistent Cross-Locational Biomarkers for Residual Feed Intakeen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dcterms.dateAccepted2019-05-21
dcterms.dateSubmitted2019-01-09

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