A molecular assessment of Ostertagia leptospicularis and Spiculopteragia asymmetrica among wild fallow deer in Northern Ireland and implications for false detection of livestock-associated species

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dc.contributor.authorLyons, Maggie
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Tony L.
dc.contributor.authorLahuerta-Marin, Angela
dc.contributor.authorMorgan, Eric. R.
dc.contributor.authorAirs, Paul M.
dc.contributor.departmentAnimal Health and Welfare
dc.date.accessioned2024-03-25T10:09:33Z
dc.date.available2024-03-25T10:09:33Z
dc.date.issued2024-03-18
dc.descriptionPublication history: Accepted - 18 January 2024; Published online - 18 March 2024
dc.description.abstractBackground Wild deer populations utilizing livestock grazing areas risk cross-species transmission of gastrointestinal nematode parasites (GINs), including GINs with anthelmintic resistance (AR) traits. Wild deer have been shown to carry problematic GIN species such as Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus species in the UK, but the presence of livestock GINs in Northern Ireland deer populations is unknown. Also, is it not known whether AR traits exist among GINs of deer such as Ostertagia leptospicularis and Spiculopteragia asymmetrica in pastureland where anthelmintics are heavily used. Methods Adult-stage GIN samples were retrieved from Northern Irish wild fallow deer abomasa. Individual specimens were subject to a species-specific PCR analysis for common sheep and cattle GIN species with ITS-2 sequence analysis to validate species identities. In addition, the beta-tubulin gene was subject to sequencing to identify benzimidazole (BZ) resistance markers. Results ITS-2 sequencing revealed O. leptospicularis and S. asymmetrica, but species-specific PCR yielded false-positive hits for H. contortus, Teladorsagia circimcincta, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus and Ostertagia ostertagi. For beta-tubulin, O. leptospicularis and S. asymmetrica yielded species-specific sequences at the E198 codon, but no resistance markers were identified in either species at positions 167, 198 or 200 of the coding region. Discussion From this report, no GIN species of significance in livestock were identified among Northern Ireland fallow deer. However, false-positive PCR hits for sheep and cattle-associated GINs is concerning as the presence of deer species in livestock areas could impact both deer and livestock diagnostics and lead to overestimation of both GIN burden in deer and the role as of deer as drivers of these pathogens. ITS-2 sequences from both O. leptospicularis and S. asymmetrica show minor sequence variations to geographically distinct isolates. AR has been noted among GINs of deer but molecular analyses are lacking for GINs of wildlife. In producing the first beta-tubulin sequences for both O. leptospicularis and S. asymmetrica, we report no BZ resistance in this cohort. Conclusions This work contributes to genetic resources for wildlife species and considers the implications of such species when performing livestock GIN diagnostics.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by DAERA’s annual postgraduate studentship (M Lyons & T Brown) and UKRI grant BB/S014748/1.
dc.identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12518/690
dc.identifier.citationLyons, M., Brown, T.L., Lahuerta-Marin, A., Morgan, Eric.R. and Airs, P.M. (2024) ‘A molecular assessment of Ostertagia leptospicularis and Spiculopteragia asymmetrica among wild fallow deer in Northern Ireland and implications for false detection of livestock-associated species’, Parasites & Vectors. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06147-2.
dc.identifier.issn1756-3305
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-024-06147-2
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherBMC
dc.rightsOpen Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
dc.subjectMolecular diagnostics
dc.subjectPCR
dc.subjectBeta-tubulin
dc.subjectBenzimidazole resistance
dc.subjectGastrointestinal nematodes
dc.titleA molecular assessment of Ostertagia leptospicularis and Spiculopteragia asymmetrica among wild fallow deer in Northern Ireland and implications for false detection of livestock-associated species
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.dateAccepted2024-01-18
dcterms.dateSubmitted2023-09-20

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